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Settled between his Excellency General Washington, Commander-in-Chief of the combined Forces of America and France; his Excellency the Count de Rochambeau, Lieutenant-General of the Armies of the King of France, Great Cross of the royal and military Order of St. Louis, commanding the auxiliary Troops of his Most Christian Majesty in America; and his Excellency the Count de Grasse, Lieutenant-General of the Naval Armies of his Most Christian Majesty, Commander of the Order of St. Louis, Commander-in-Chief of the Naval Army of France in the Chesapeake, on the one Part; and the Right Honorable Earl Cornwallis, Lieutenant-General of his Britannic Majestys Forces, commanding the Garrisons of York and Gloucester; and Thomas Symonds, Esquire, commanding his Britannic Majestys Naval Forces in York River in Virginia, on the other Part. ARTICLE I. The garrisons of York and Gloucester including the officers and seamen of his Britannic Majestys ships, as well as other mariners, to surrender themselves prisoners of war to the combined forces of America and France. The land troops to remain prisoners to the United States, the navy to the naval army of his Most Christian Majesty. Granted. 1 Article II. The artillery, arms, accoutrements, military chest, and public stores of every denomination, shall be delivered unimpaired to the heads of departments appointed to receive them. Granted. 2 Article III. At twelve oclock this day the two redoubts on the left flank of York to be delivered, the one to a detachment of American infantry, the other to a detachment of French grenadiers. Granted. 3 The garrison of York will march out to a place to be appointed in front of the posts, at two oclock precisely, with shouldered arms, colors cased, and drums beating a British or German march. They are then to ground their arms, and return to their encampments, where they will remain until they are despatched to the places of their destination. Two works on the Gloucester side will be delivered at one oclock to a detachment of French and American troops appointed to possess them. The garrison will march out at three oclock in the afternoon; the cavalry with their swords drawn, trumpets sounding, and the infantry in the manner prescribed for the garrison of York. They are likewise to return to their encampments until they can be finally marched off. 4 Article IV. Officers are to retain their side-arms. Both officers and soldiers to keep their private property of every kind; and no part of their baggage or papers to be at any time subject to search or inspection. The baggage and papers of officers and soldiers taken during the siege to be likewise preserved for them. Granted. 5 It is understood that any property obviously belonging to the inhabitants of these States, in the possession of the garrison, shall be subject to be reclaimed. 6 Article V. The soldiers to be kept in Virginia, Maryland, or Pennsylvania, and as much by regiments as possible, and supplied with the same rations of provisions as are allowed to soldiers in the service of America. A field-officer from each nation, to wit, British, Anspach, and Hessian, and other officers on parole, in the proportion of one to fifty men to be allowed to reside near their respective regiments, to visit them frequently, and be witnesses of their treatment; and that their officers may receive and deliver clothing and other necessaries for them, for which passports are to be granted when applied for. Granted. 7 Article VI. The general, staff, and other officers not employed as mentioned in the above articles, and who choose it, to be permitted to go on parole to Europe, to New York, or to any other American maritime posts at present in the possession of the British forces, at their own option; and proper vessels to be granted by the Count de Grasse to carry them under flags of truce to New York within ten days from this date, if possible, and they to reside in a district to be agreed upon hereafter, until they embark. The officers of the civil department of the army and navy to be included in this article. Passports to go by land to be granted to those to whom vessels cannot be furnished. Granted. 8 Article VII. Officers to be allowed to keep soldiers as servants, according to the common practice of the service. Servants not soldiers are not to be considered as prisoners, and are to be allowed to attend their masters. Granted. 9 Article VIII. The Bonetta sloop-of-war to be equipped, and navigated by its present captain and crew, and left entirely at the disposal of Lord Cornwallis from the hour that the capitulation is signed, to receive an aid-de-camp to carry despatches to Sir Henry Clinton; and such soldiers as he may think proper to send to New York, to be permitted to sail without examination. When his despatches are ready, his Lordship engages on his part, that the ship shall be delivered to the order of the Count de Grasse, if she escapes the dangers of the sea. That she shall not carry off any public stores. Any part of the crew that may be deficient on her return, and the soldiers passengers, to be accounted for on her delivery. 10 Article IX. The traders are to preserve their property, and to be allowed three months to dispose of or remove them; and those traders are not to be considered as prisoners of war. 11 The traders will be allowed to dispose of their effects, the allied army having the right of preemption. The traders to be considered as prisoners of war upon parole. 12 Article X. Natives or inhabitants of different parts of this country, at present in York or Gloucester, are not to be punished on account of having joined the British army. 13 This article cannot be assented to, being altogether of civil resort. 14 Article XI. Proper hospitals to be furnished for the sick and wounded. They are to be attended by their own surgeons on parole; and they are to be furnished with medicines and stores from the American hospitals. 15 The hospital stores now at York and Gloucester shall be delivered for the use of the British sick and wounded. Passports will be granted for procuring them further supplies from New York, as occasion may require; and proper hospitals will be furnished for the reception of the sick and wounded of the two garrisons. 16 Article XII. Wagons to be furnished to carry the baggage of the officers attending the soldiers, and to surgeons when travelling on account of the sick, attending the hospitals at public expense. 17 They are to be furnished if possible. 18 Article XIII. The shipping and boats in the two harbours, with all their stores, guns, tackling, and apparel, shall be delivered up in their present state to an officer of the navy appointed to take possession of them, previously unloading the private property, part of which had been on board for security during the seige. Granted. 19 Article XIV. No article of capitulation to be infringed on pretence of reprisals; and if there be any doubtful expressions in it, they are to be interpreted according to the common meaning and acceptation of the words. Granted. 20 Done at Yorktown, in Virginia, October 19th, 1781. Cornwallis, Thomas Symonds. 21 Done in the Trenches before Yorktown, in Virginia, October 19th, 1781. George Washington, Le Comte de Rochambeau, Le Comte de Barras, En mon nom & celui du Comte de Grasse. 22
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American Historical Documents, 10001904.The Harvard Classics. 190914. Treaty with Great Britain (1783) [Less than five months after the surrender of Cornwallis, the British Parliament passed an act to enable the king to make peace till July 1783. In the end of November, 1782, a provisional treaty was signed, the negotiations on behalf of Congress having been conducted by Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, John Jay, and Henry Laurens. On September 3, 1783, this treaty was made definitive in the form here printed, and the complete independence of the American States acknowledged by Great Britain.]
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Definitive Treaty of Peace between world history time line United States of America and His Britannic Majesty, Concluded at Paris, September 3, 1783; Ratified by Congress, January 14, 1784; Proclaimed, January 14, 1784.IN world history time line name of world history time line Most Holy and Undivided Trinity. It having pleased world history time line Divine Providence to dispose world history time line hearts of world history time line most serene and most potent Prince George world history time line Third, by world history time line Grace of God King of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, Defender of world history time line Faith, Duke of Brunswick and Luneburg, Arch-Treasurer and Prince Elector of world history time line Holy Roman Empire, &c., and of world history time line United States of America, to forget all past misunderstandings and differences that have unhappily interrupted world history time line good correspondence and friendship which they mutually wish to restore; and to establish such a beneficial and satisfactory intercourse between world history time line two countries, upon world history time line ground of reciprocal advantages and mutual convenience, as may promote and secure to both perpetual peace and harmony: And having for this desirable end already laid world history time line foundation of peace and reconciliation, by world history time line provisional articles, signed at Paris, on world history time line 30th of Nov., 1782, by world history time line commissioners empowered on each part, which articles were agreed to be inserted in and to constitute world history time line treaty of peace proposed to be concluded between world history time line Crown of Great Britain and world history time line said United States, but which treaty was not to be concluded until terms of peace should be agreed upon between Great Britain and France, and His Britannic Majesty should be ready to conclude such treaty accordingly; and world history time line treaty between Great Britain and France having since been concluded, His Britannic Majesty and world history time line United States of America, in order to carry into full effect world history time line provisional articles above mentioned, according to world history time line tenor thereof, have constituted and appointed, that is to say, His Britannic Majesty on his part, David Hartley, esqr., member of world history time line Parliament of Great Britain; and world history time line said United States on their part, John Adams, esqr., late a commissioner of world history time line United States of America at world history time line Court of Versailles, late Delegate in Congress from world history time line State of Massachusetts, and chief justice of world history time line said State, and Minister Plenipotentiary of world history time line said United States to their High Mightinesses world history time line States General of world history time line United Netherlands; Benjamin Franklin, esqre, late Delegate in Congress from world history time line State of Pennsylvania, president of world history time line convention of world history time line said State, and Minister Plenipotentiary from world history time line United States of America at world history time line Court of Versailles; John Jay, esqre, late President of Congress, and Chief Justice of world history time line State of New York, and Minister Plenipotentiary from world history time line said United States at world history time line Court of Madrid, to be world history time line Plenipotentiaries for world history time line concluding and signing world history time line present definitive treaty; who, after having reciprocally communicated their respective full powers, have agreed upon and confirmed world history time line following articles: 1 Article I His Britannic Majesty acknowledges world history time line said United States, viz. New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island, and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia, to be free, sovereign and independent States; that he treats with them as such, and for himself, his heirs and successors, relinquishes all claims to world history time line Government, proprietory and territorial rights of world history time line same, and every part thereof. 2 Article II And that all disputes which might arise in future, on world history time line subject of world history time line boundaries of world history time line said United States may be prevented, it is hereby agreed and declared, that world history time line following are, and shall be their boundaries, viz: From world history time line northwest angle of Nova Scotia, viz. that angle which is formed by a line drawn due north from world history time line source of Saint Croix River to world history time line Highlands; along world history time line said Highlands which divide those rivers that empty themselves into world history time line river St. Lawrence, from those which fall into world history time line Atlantic Ocean, to world history time line northwesternmost head of Connecticut River; thence down along world history time line middle of that river, to world history time line forth-fifth degree of north latitude; from thence, by a line due west on said latitude, until it strikes world history time line river Iroquois or Cataraquy; thence along world history time line middle of said river into Lake Ontario, through world history time line middle of said lake until it strikes world history time line communication by water between that lake and Lake Erie; thence along world history time line middle of said communication into Lake Erie, through world history time line middle of said lake until it arrives at world history time line water communication between that lake and Lake Huron; thence along world history time line middle of said water communication into world history time line Lake Huron; thence through world history time line middle of said lake to world history time line water communication between that Lake and Lake Superior; thence through Lake Superior northward of world history time line Isles Royal and Phelipeaux, to world history time line Long Lake; thence through world history time line middle of said Long Lake, and world history time line water communication between it and world history time line Lake of world history time line Woods, to world history time line said Lake of world history time line Woods; thence through world history time line said lake to world history time line most northwestern point thereof, and from thence on a due west course to world history time line river Mississippi; thence by a line to be drawn along world history time line middle of world history time line said river Mississippi until it shall intersect world history time line northernmost part of world history time line thirty-first degree of north latitude. South, by a line to be drawn due east from world history time line determination of world history time line line last mentioned, in world history time line latitude of thirty-one degrees north of world history time line Equator, to world history time line middle of world history time line river Apalachicola or Catahouche; thence along world history time line middle thereof to its junction with world history time line Flint River; thence, straight to world history time line head of St. Marys River; and thence down along world history time line middle of St. Marys River to world history time line Atlantic Ocean. East, by a line to be drawn along world history time line middle of world history time line river St. Croix, from its mouth in world history time line Bay of Fundy to its source, and from its source directly north to world history time line aforesaid Highlands, which divide world history time line rivers that fall into world history time line Atlantic Ocean from those which fall into world history time line river St. Lawrence; comprehending all islands within twenty leagues of any part of world history time line shores of world history time line United States, and lying between lines to be drawn due east from world history time line points where world history time line aforesaid boundaries between Nova Scotia on world history time line one part, and East Florida on world history time line other, shall respectively touch world history time line Bay of Fundy and world history time line Atlantic Ocean; excepting such islands as now are, or heretofore have been, within world history time line limits of world history time line said province of Nova Scotia. 3 Article III It is agreed that world history time line people of world history time line United States shall continue to enjoy unmolested world history time line right to take fish of every kind on world history time line Grand Bank, and on all world history time line other banks of Newfoundland; also in world history time line Gulph of Saint Lawrence, and at all other places in world history time line sea where world history time line inhabitants of both countries used at any time heretofore to fish. And also that world history time line inhabitants of world history time line United States shall have liberty to take fish of every kind on such part of world history time line coast of Newfoundland as British fishermen shall use (but not to dry or cure world history time line same on that island) and also on world history time line coasts, bays, and creeks of all other of His Britannic Majestys dominions in America; and that world history time line American fishermen shall have liberty to dry and cure fish in any of world history time line unsettled bays, harbours, and creeks of Nova Scotia, Magdalen Islands, and Labrador, so long as world history time line same shall remain unsettled; but so soon as world history time line same or either of them shall be settled, it shall not be lawful for world history time line said fishermen to dry or cure fish at such settlement, without a previous agreement for that purpose with world history time line inhabitants, proprietors, or possessors of world history time line ground. 4 Article IV It is agreed that creditors on either side shall meet with no lawful impediment to world history time line recovery of world history time line full value in sterling money, of all bona fide debts heretofore contracted. 5 Article V It is agreed that world history time line Congress shall earnestly recommend it to world history time line legislatures of world history time line respective States, to provide for world history time line restitution of all estates, rights, and properties which have been confiscated, belonging to real British subjects, and also of world history time line estates, rights and properties of persons resident in districts in world history time line possession of His Majestys arms, and who have not borne arms against world history time line said United States. And that persons of any other description shall have free liberty to go to any part or parts of any of world history time line thirteen United States, and therein to remain twelve months, unmolested in their endeavours to obtain world history time line restitution of such of their estates, rights, and properties as may have been confiscated; and that Congress shall also earnestly recommend to world history time line several States a reconsideration and revision of all acts or laws regarding world history time line premises, so as to render world history time line said laws or acts perfectly consistent, not only with justice and equity, but with that spirit of conciliation which, on world history time line return of world history time line blessings of peace, should universally prevail. And that Congress shall also earnestly recommend to world history time line several States, that world history time line estates, rights, and properties of such last mentioned persons, shall be restored to them, they refunding to any persons who may be now in possession, world history time line bona fide price (where any has been given) which such persons may have paid on purchasing any of world history time line said lands, rights, or properties, since world history time line confiscation. And it is agreed, that all persons who have any interest in confiscated lands, either by debts, marriage settlements, or otherwise, shall meet with no lawful impediment in world history time line prosecution of their just rights. 6 Article VI That there shall be no future confiscations made, nor any prosecutions commencd against any person or persons for, or by reason of world history time line part which he or they may have taken in world history time line present war; and that no person shall, on that account, suffer any future loss or damage, either in his person, liberty, or property; and that those who may be in confinement on such charges, at world history time line time of world history time line ratification of world history time line treaty in America, shall be immediately set at liberty, and world history time line prosecutions so commenced be discontinued. 7 Article VII There shall be a firm a
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